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2.2.2  COGNITION - MODELLING - KNOWLEDGE or  the Wise Tutorial Means for Our Knowledge

     "In the endless World of dominating Entropy of interfering Emanations of the Ever-Being Movements there are two PROCESSES contradictory in their effect. THEY are defined and identified by human Mind as the summarized Definitions of ANALYSIS and SYNTHESIS. These global Categories construe the cornerstone for explanation of endlessly multiple and variously organized Reflections which accompany the Matter Evolutions within Universe. Due to THEIR effects of various splitting and various linking all the Subject of Nature are existing from the cosmic processes of Galaxies formations to the any types of organization of the Living."

     Sufficiently high degree of organization of our "bodies" enabled people to identify and, having summarized, to create conceptions of  "the Part" and "the Entire" in which the consciously identifies the intermediate statuses of Natural processes arrangements in a certain order.

     THE ENTIRE - is normally defined as a selected and established by the Organism limit of summarization in the objective System of material links. It may be Body, Substance or Field as well as their associated formations. From the philosophical  "heights" of the reviewal  conception of "the Entire" brings us almost closely to the realistic understanding of  the sense of "Ideality" conception.
     THE PART - is regarded as the accessible for Organism limit of summary splitting of pre-defined Integrity of the explored processes within a certain System of material interactions.  

Basing on THESE categories we are now able to formulate fundamental definitions of the Analysis and Synthesis Processes.

the ANALYSIS is the process of splitting a certain Integrity into Components,
and the SYNTHESIS - is the reversal process of integrating certain Parts into unified Integrity.

     From all the above, all the Systems in the Nature have the summarized result of interaction of the TWO global characteristics of any Movement   in the essence of Their Existence, i.e. they are supported by the joint functioning of the ANALYSIS and SYNTHESIS processes. In the researching efforts of Human Mind these scientific categories are represented by the formula, as follows:

" ANALYSIS + SYNTHESIS = MODEL!"
(See Fig. 5)

     The definitions of  "the Model" and "modelling" are comparatively "young" for those who appreciate philosophy, but in the well-tested basic principles of genuine science they gained and are still gaining wide popularity among modern scientists. How to explain such a popularity? As a matter of fact, the purported application of both theoretical and practical Model of an Object being under research is based upon the Integrity with which its parts are percepted under the condition of direct approaching to the reality of process taking place in the Original. Thus the built interpretation helps to gain a success in practical application of the results of cognition activities.
     As we know, any process taking place in the Nature bases on the REFLECTION principle which means that the Exploration and Cognition are only possible if they are based on the multiple and multi-stage Reflection. In its turn it is based on powerful mainstays of  "Cause" and "Consequence".

"The CAUSE - is a phenomenon which actions causes, changes, leads to or contributes another phenomenon to occur . The latter is called the CONSEQUENCE". / Ph.E.D./

     Main advantage derived from modelling (real and unreal objects simulation) is expressed in a possibility to trace the chains of link of the Object under consideration the identification of sequence of which will enable the explorer to achieve progresses in understanding the original factors.

     Common principle of philosophy in development of causal - consequential chains of the Object under cognition is formulated as FROM SINGLE TO GENERAL AND PARTICULAR. It is described with long known ways of   reasoning which at the same time are the effective research methods, "INDUCTION" and "DEDUCTION" (both of Latin origin)

     INDUCTION - i Single to General, taking into consideration the Particular nature of the former. This is prevailing synthesising summarizing process or bringing to a certain Integrity via the process of integrating its simpler components.
     DEDUCTION - s a reasonable definition of explainable Knowledge by means of transferring from General to Particular with highlighting a new, previously unknown Unit from the commonly known part. This is a prevailing analysing process of summarizing or representing a certain Integrity splitting it into simplier components.

     Thus, they are able to describe the cyclic nature of improvements in reasonably scrutinized Information about the Object being under consideration.

"INDUCTION + DEDUCTION = MODEL REALIZATION"
"MODEL REALIZATION  is  identical to the COGNITION REFLEX".

     Summarizing the above we can say that when we compare models and original object the Gradual Reflection Principle in Cognition must implement by means of complex of inductive and deductive approaches to the Integrity of explored Analytical and Synthetical links.
     As we have already said in the first part of this book, the modern activity of Human Coincidence mostly leans upon Social reflexes with prevailing Managing Style of Memory in the cognitioning activities of its thoughts. As the second part of this work is mostly concentrated on cognition processes we shall immediately stipulate here that all the reasonings and conclusions discussed here deal with review of philosophical categories already well-known to Humanity  It is this idea on which our subject is built and will get further development.

     So, the Managing type of Human memory has a five-stage Reflections organization structure, which consists of Motoric, Sensual, Imaginary, Logical and Orientable types of memory which represent it. The reflectory ability of these representing components will define the exploring advance in Cognition processes. Inherent Models correspond to each of these stages which develop by means of scrutinized Object Analogies / Similarities, Common Features, Resemblances - Greek/ upgrading. This way goes downwards from Prescinding to Concretisation of the Reality of considered Natural phenomena.

     "ABSTRACTING / Remoting, Diversion - Latin/ - is the process of ideal highlighting some with simultaneous diversion from other Links of the Subject of Cognition. /Ph.E.D./
     "CONCRETISATION /Setting - Latin/ - is the process of highlighting an Object in its organic integrity with comprehensive variety of its planes and links". /Ph.E.D./

     Such an approach is a realized part of the MULTI-STAGE REFLECTIONS PRINCIPLE, which essence consists in developing a Model from qualitatively-defined realistic possibilities of Our Organism to achieving a satisfactory level of understanding the Entropy of the Phenomena being the subject of our concern.

     The evolution of the Analogies being modelled from the abstracting to concretisation undergoes four stages of obtaining Information: those of Material and of Ideal Nature; those of Energetic and Informative Nature; those of Physical and Chemical structure; and those of Biological and Psychological Effect .  (See Fig. 5)

     Here the most interesting point is that the sensual background of the first words forming the above coupled combinations bears prevailing analytic orientation of the researching activities and the sense of the second-placed words bears synthesis approach to the same phenomena of the objectivised System. It worth to note here that the level of Abstracting achieved with the applied models decreases as the serial number of the enlisted steps increases. This decrease is accompanied with the increase of the concretic value inherent to the models of the scrutinized Processes:

- from genuine ("pure") Abstracting towards concrete Abstracting by means of application of prevailing Philosophical tools of Cognition;
- from concrete Abstracting to abstract Concretisation by means of mathematically fixed evaluation of energetical and informational correlations in the simulated Analogy of the subject of Cognition;
- from abstract Concretisation to realistic Concretisation via physical and chemical experiments over the Analogues of simulated Processes;
- from realistic Concretisation to the actual reality of implementing the biological and psychological utility of the obtained Data in practice of Reasonable social activities in implementing vital functions. 

"ABSTRACTING + CONCRETISATION = MODELLING THE REALITY"
(See Fig. 5)

   All the four stages of the cognition process may be interpreted as something like "lenses" through which the objectivised Matters System is being observed with consistent summarizing of the "gaining capability" of these "lenses" allows to increase and update the efficiency of Information about the natural Entropy of the Movement under cognition.
     The definition of the term "Movement" is Absolute (unconditional, unrestricted - Latin) in respect of the sensual charge within it, i.e. the Movement of Matter accompanies the entire endless variety of the Natural phenomena and Nothing and Nobody are able to exist without it! Global interpretation of the "Memory" contains a meaning which defines the Ability to fix the processes of Movement by means of evolutionary understood organizations of the process of Reflections. The Memory work bases on the principle of perception of the stable conditions of regulated Movement in random Systems of interaction between an Object and an Environment. The entire way of approaching the Truth is accompanied by accumulation and improvement of Knowledge, which is achieved by means of determining STATIC /Standing, Fixed - Greek/ and DYNAMICAL /Mobile, Force - Greek/ characteristics of the objectivvised phenomena. We shall now try to define THESE new categories in light of the meaning of such words as "Quality" and "Quantity". They, though being in fact the integral part of the TRIAD PRINCIPLE of DIALECTICS possess their own formulations:

     "QUALITY - is an unsplit, integral aggregation of features and properties of a Phenomenon expressing its unique sensually concretised definition". /Ph.E.D./
     "QUANTITY - represents mainly the features of the Phenomenon associated with space and time which may be identified only in its correlation with other phenomena". /Ph.E.D./

     The prevailing quantative expression of the Cognition Subject by means of researched carried on mainly by analytical apparatus may be sufficiently reflected  by STATIC categories; while the achievements of prevailing qualitative Knowledge, obtained mainly by means of Synthesis, are expressed by DYNAMICS. Understanding   Dynamic and Static aspects of the comprehended Systems may be defined in other words: the first (DYNAMICS) as Cognition Environment created Mentally to understand the inherent Entropy of the objectivised matters which are considered exclusively in their movement, while the second (STATICS) as a conventionality highlighted by the explorer which means a particular category or their integrity, on the interactions of which new Data obtaining about the Object or Phenomenon under exploration is founded.

"STATICS + DYNAMICS =SCIENCE"

     The Static and Dynamic exploration methods enable to assign the name of the Knowledge to the Data about the regulated and miscellaneous  nature of processed Phenomenon Entropy obtained by their means. The aggregation of such Knowledges outcoming as a result of mental advance along the causal and consequential way of the four-stage Cognition organization obtains the rank of Science about the nature of the Object which is involved into the sphere of our interests.
     Where then lies a criteria  /Tool for Judgement - Lat./ to evaluate sufficient measure of the Reasonable Cognition? In absolute relativity of the Knowledge or in its relative absolutism? To clarify the second aspects we shall mention that the conception of Absolute in all the worldwide-spread religious doctrines bears in itself the sense of unconditionally perfect Source of Being expressed as a Divine. The conception of Relativism encompasses a far more endless Idea determined by seemingly unlimited range of Cognition processes in true Nature of the explored Phenomena.

    We shall develop the answers to the input questions from these starting position.

     "ABSOLUTE RELATIVITY" of Knowledge about an Object is determined by the fact that everything existing in Nature is linked by the Reflection processes and, consequently, any Data obtained in process of Cognition of any Phenomenon still don't encompass a certain part of Events accompanying It in reality.
     "RELATIVE ABSOLUTISM", by contrast, expresses that despite global aggregation of the Natural Laws identified by Human Mind (such as the Worldwide Gravity Principle or the Energy Preservation Principle) all of them will be incorporated as integral "Particles" into a more unlimited General Unlimited Complex of principles which will be discovered by further Terrain generations (such as the TRIAD DIALECTICS PRINCIPLE).

     The Cognition of Entropic characteristic of an objectivised System is effected by means of identifying conditionally idealized models of the Statics and the Dynamics of the explored Movements. The integrity of the obtained Knowledge construe a certain branch of Science, possess their own scheme based upon the PRINCIPLES of scientific specialization in their application.

     The "PRINCIPLE /starting point, basis - Latin/ - mean basic starting provisions of any theory, doctrine, science, world outlook, political organization and personal views of an individual which determine their attitude to reality , norms of behaviour and activity; basis of arrangement and operation of a device, machine, etc." /S.E.D./

     The "Principle" of any Model includes both the Static and the Dynamic aspects of Knowledge. The Statics here is represented by Mental understanding of a STRUCTURE of the Object under exploration and the Dynamics is represented by the Mental understanding of its FUNCTIONS.

"STRUCTURE  -Construction, Disposition, Order- Latin/ - is the integrity of stable links of an Object providing for its integrity and identifity to itself, i.e. preservation of inherent features under the impacts of internal and external changes.". /S.E.D./

"FUNCTION / execution, implementation-Latin/ - activities, duties, work; external expression of properties of an Object within given System of relations." /S.E.D./

     The conception of a "PRINCIPLE " in the "highest"  sense of its application determines the social and individual World outlook of People! That's why ITS Structures and Functions are "dead" without the creative designations, which is given to them by the developing Mind of our Civilization. From all the above it is possible to draw to a brief conclusion:

"STRUCTURE * DESIGNATION = STATICAL MODELLING"
"FUNCTION *DESIGNATION = DYNAMICAL MODELLING"
"(STRUCTURE + FUNCTION) *DESIGNATION = PRINCIPLE OF MODELLING"

     The Reflectory Degree of the Principal Summarization of Data determines the level of popular knowledge about the nature of the objectivized Systems, since as ancient wizards said:

"Knowledge of certain Principles easily compensates Unawareness of particular facts!"
(Gelvetius)

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